Respiratory Disease in Practice

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The small airways: an important target in asthma and COPD treatment
RDIP, Volume 21, Number 1.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both chronic inflammatory disorders of the respiratory tract characterised by airflow limitation. They are distinct conditions with different causes, different airway inflammatory cells and distinct immune mediators. However, the pathophysiology in both asthma and COPD involves not only proximal large airways, but also the distal small airways. Indeed, severe asthma is associated with greater peripheral inflammation and, in COPD, the inflammation primarily affects the small airways and lung parenchyma, with important clinical consequences. The small airways are thus an important therapeutic target in both diseases.

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